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Field
Last Published
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Before
October 25, 2022 10:45 AM
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After
November 01, 2022 04:46 PM
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Intervention (Public)
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Before
A survey module with an embedded survey experiment is designed. To examine how citizens attribute responsibility for health and health care costs, survey vignettes are used to describe a fictive person in need of medical treatment. The vignettes provide a causal cue on the health problems of the fictive person. In total, respondents are presented two different randomized scenarios of the in total 36 unique scenarios included in the experiment. Hereby, heterogeneity in the effects of individual dimensions will be analysed.
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After
A survey module with an embedded survey experiment is designed. To examine how citizens attribute responsibility for health and health care costs, survey vignettes are used to describe a fictive person in need of medical treatment. The vignettes provide a causal cue on the health problems of the fictive person. In total, respondents are presented two different scenarios of the in total 36 unique scenarios included in the experiment. The characteristics in each vignette are randomly assigned. Hereby, heterogeneity in the effects of individual dimensions will be analysed.
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Planned Number of Clusters
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Before
Estimated 6000 individuals.
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After
6000 individuals.
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Sample size (or number of clusters) by treatment arms
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Before
6000 individuals.
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After
A minimum of 330 observations per unique vignette.
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Field
Secondary Outcomes (End Points)
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Before
The secondary outcomes are respondents' (1) health inequality attributions and (2) general health policy preferences.
(1)
Question wordings:
"As you may know, low-income Germans also have a lower life expectancy than high-income Germans. On average, low-income Germans live 6 years shorter. There are many reasons for the difference in life expectancy. Why do you think the life expectancy of low-income people is shorter than that of high-income people? Here are four opinions. Which one is closest to yours?"
Answer categories:
1. Because their own behavior damages their health.
2. Because of inborn characteristics (genetic or biological)
3. Because of the environmental conditions they are exposed to at work or where they live
4. Because of unequal treatment in the health care system
(2)
Question wording:
"How willing would you be to pay higher taxes to improve health care for all people in Germany?"
Answer categories:
5-point
1 - Very unwilling, 2 - Fairly unwilling, 3 - Neither willing nor unwilling, 4 - Fairly willing, 5 - Very willing
Question wording:
"Please indicate now to what extent the following things should be the responsibility of the state: ensure adequate health care for the sick"
Answer categories:
11-point
0 = The state should not be responsible at all
10 = The state should be entirely responsible
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After
The secondary outcomes are respondents' (1) health inequality attributions and (2) general health policy preferences.
(1)
Question wordings:
"On average, low-income Germans live 6 years shorter than high-income Germans. There are many reasons for the difference in life expectancy. What do you think is the main reason for this shorter life expectancy?"
Answer categories:
1. Because their own behavior damages their health.
2. Because of inborn characteristics (genetic or biological)
3. Because of the environmental conditions they are exposed to at work or where they live
4. Because of unequal treatment in the health care system
(2)
Question wording:
"How willing would you be to pay higher taxes to improve health care for all people in Germany?"
Answer categories:
5-point
1 - Very unwilling, 2 - Fairly unwilling, 3 - Neither willing nor unwilling, 4 - Fairly willing, 5 - Very willing
Question wording:
"Please indicate now to what extent the following things should be the responsibility of the state: ensure adequate health care for the sick"
Answer categories:
11-point
0 = The state should not be responsible at all
10 = The state should be entirely responsible
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