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Field Before After
Trial End Date April 30, 2023 March 31, 2024
Last Published January 30, 2023 11:47 PM January 03, 2024 06:49 AM
Primary Outcomes (End Points) Endline survey one month after the camps end: SOCIAL PREFERENCES - Dictator game with Hindu/Muslim stranger (2 games) - [campers only] Dictator game with Hindu/Muslim teammate and Hindu/Muslim non-teammate from the same camp (4 games) - Willingness to plank: one with performance-related pay for 4 Muslims and 4 Hindus (for campers, randomly selected from non-teammates at same camp, for control, randomly selected from control), one with performance-related pay for self (with randomly assigned piece rate: INR 0 / 2 / 10 per 5 seconds) - Public goods game with camp teammates (for control group: pseudo-teammates selected from the control group) - [campers only] Self-reported willingness to do anything for the other campers WILLINGNESS TO INTERACT - Names of five closest friends (to be coded as Muslim- vs. Hindu-sounding) - [campers only] Select friends from the camp - [campers only] Select teammates spent time with in the past two weeks - Willingness to play (as in Rao 2019): with Hindu/Muslim stranger IDENTITY - Self-report whether more attached to being an Indian vs. being a Hindu/Muslim - Answer to: How proud are you to be Indian? - Choice between Indian vs. Hindu/Muslim identity fridge magnet POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ATTITUDES - Self-report whether willing to marry outgroup member, or willing to grant citizenship to an immigrant outgroup member - Thermometer ratings for Narendra Modi, Mahatma Gandhi, Mamata Banerjee, people from different countries (Nepal, England, Bangladesh, Pakistan) - Ratings of political systems, and choice of best political system - Support for reservation for Muslims - Political issue importance Endline survey one month after the camps end: SOCIAL PREFERENCES - Dictator game with Hindu/Muslim stranger (2 games) - [campers only] Dictator game with Hindu/Muslim teammate and Hindu/Muslim non-teammate from the same camp (4 games) - Willingness to plank: one with performance-related pay for 4 Muslims and 4 Hindus (for campers, randomly selected from non-teammates at same camp, for control, randomly selected from control), one with performance-related pay for self (with randomly assigned piece rate: INR 0 / 2 / 10 per 5 seconds) - Public goods game with camp teammates (for control group: pseudo-teammates selected from the control group) - [campers only] Self-reported willingness to do anything for the other campers WILLINGNESS TO INTERACT - Names of five closest friends (to be coded as Muslim- vs. Hindu-sounding) - [campers only] Select friends from the camp - [campers only] Select teammates spent time with in the past two weeks - Willingness to play (as in Rao 2019): with Hindu/Muslim stranger IDENTITY - Self-report whether more attached to being an Indian vs. being a Hindu/Muslim - Answer to: How proud are you to be Indian? - Choice between Indian vs. Hindu/Muslim identity fridge magnet POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ATTITUDES - Self-report whether willing to marry outgroup member, or willing to grant citizenship to an immigrant outgroup member - Thermometer ratings for Narendra Modi, Mahatma Gandhi, Mamata Banerjee, people from different countries (Nepal, England, Bangladesh, Pakistan) - Ratings of political systems, and choice of best political system - Support for reservation for Muslims - Political issue importance [Update January 2024] Phone survey one year after the camps end [note: we added these one-year follow-up details to pre-registration after surveying ~50 of 412 respondents to finalize question wording]: - Same well-being measures as in the first endline (happiness, social life, PHQ-8) - Names of five closest friends (to be coded as Muslim- vs. Hindu-sounding)
Secondary Outcomes (End Points) Measurement during the camps (primarily for mechanisms): - Daily question cards completed by all campers with four questions on happiness, identity fusion, friendships with teammates, and level of excitement during the camp. - Daily surveys on tablets completed by 12 campers per camp per day with questions on: identity fusion, friendships, emotions, self-esteem, emotional synchrony - Data on camp activities recorded by observers, including: team photographs, engagement with rituals, organic (unplanned) rituals, captains chosen by teams (for sports) - Richer measurement during specific activities: voting patterns during mock elections, performance and beliefs about teammates during structured game, group performance measures Endline survey one month after the camps end: WELLBEING - Self-reported social isolation, happiness - PHQ-9 depression scale (without suicidal ideation) BELIEFS ABOUT OTHERS - Predict whether people volunteered at baseline (predict for a group with 4 Muslims and 1 Hindu, and a group with 4 Hindus and 1 Muslim) - [campers only] Predict whether teammates volunteered POLITICAL KNOWLEDGE - Constitution defines India as what type of republic? - Who was India’s first prime minister? ATTITUDES - Agreement with masculinity norms (3 questions) OTHER - Self-reported WTP to attend a similar future camp Measurement during the camps (primarily for mechanisms): - Daily question cards completed by all campers with four questions on happiness, identity fusion, friendships with teammates, and level of excitement during the camp. - Daily surveys on tablets completed by 12 campers per camp per day with questions on: identity fusion, friendships, emotions, self-esteem, emotional synchrony - Data on camp activities recorded by observers, including: team photographs, engagement with rituals, organic (unplanned) rituals, captains chosen by teams (for sports) - Richer measurement during specific activities: voting patterns during mock elections, performance and beliefs about teammates during structured game, group performance measures Endline survey one month after the camps end: WELLBEING - Self-reported social isolation, happiness - PHQ-9 depression scale (without suicidal ideation) BELIEFS ABOUT OTHERS - Predict whether people volunteered at baseline (predict for a group with 4 Muslims and 1 Hindu, and a group with 4 Hindus and 1 Muslim) - [campers only] Predict whether teammates volunteered POLITICAL KNOWLEDGE - Constitution defines India as what type of republic? - Who was India’s first prime minister? ATTITUDES - Agreement with masculinity norms (3 questions) OTHER - Self-reported WTP to attend a similar future camp [Update January 2024] Phone survey one year after the camps end [note: we added these one-year follow-up details to pre-registration after surveying ~50 of 412 respondents to finalise question wording]: - Self-report whether more attached to being an Indian vs. being a Hindu/Muslim - [campers only] Self-reported willingness to do anything for the other campers - Do you stay in touch with people you met at the camp? [Y/N]
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