Arriving in Argentina: A Field Experiment With Football Clubs

Last registered on February 26, 2023

View Trial History

Pre-Trial

Trial Information

General Information

Title

Arriving in Argentina: A Field Experiment With Football Clubs

RCT ID

AEARCTR-0010825

Initial registration date

February 10, 2023

Initial registration date is when the trial was registered.

It corresponds to when the registration was submitted to the Registry to be reviewed for publication.

First published

February 13, 2023, 10:43 AM EST

First published corresponds to when the trial was first made public on the Registry after being reviewed.

Last updated

February 26, 2023, 4:36 PM EST

Last updated is the most recent time when changes to the trial's registration were published.

Locations

Country

Argentina

Region

Primary Investigator

Name

Gwen-Jiro Clochard

Affiliation

Institute of Social and Economic Research - Osaka University

Contact Primary Investigator

Other Primary Investigator(s)

PI Name

Carlos Gomez-Gonzalez

PI Affiliation

University of Zurich

Contact Investigator

PI Name

Helmut Dietl

PI Affiliation

University of Zurich

Additional Trial Information

Status

On going

Start date

2023-02-19

End date

2023-03-11

Keywords

Other

Additional Keywords

Discrimination, sport

JEL code(s)

J15, Z2, C93

Secondary IDs

Prior work

This trial does not extend or rely on any prior RCTs.

Abstract

We run an audit study on amateur football - soccer - clubs in Argentina to test for discrimination against immigrants. We will send an email with similar text, except for the name and the origin of the fictitious applicant.

External Link(s)

Registration Citation

Citation

Clochard, Gwen-Jiro, Helmut Dietl and Carlos Gomez-Gonzalez. 2023. "Arriving in Argentina: A Field Experiment With Football Clubs." AEA RCT Registry. February 26. https://doi.org/10.1257/rct.10825-1.1

Sponsors & Partners

Experimental Details

Interventions

Intervention(s)

Randomly send information about the origin of the applicant.

Intervention Start Date

2023-02-19

Intervention End Date

2023-03-11

Primary Outcomes

Primary Outcomes (end points)

Positive response rate

Primary Outcomes (explanation)

There are 4 potential outcomes: 1) no response, 2) negative response, 3) response with additional questions (in what position did the applicant play, at what level, etc) or 4) a positive response (invitation to training). We will code the outcome variable as 1 for the categories 3 and 4, and 0 for categories 1 and 2.

Secondary Outcomes

Secondary Outcomes (end points)

Secondary Outcomes (explanation)

Experimental Design

All the clubs in the sample will receive one and only one email. The content of the email will in large part be similar for all clubs (see Appendix \ref{subsec: email text}), with the exception of certain details, which will be randomly varied.

In particular, the main distinction is whether the fictitious applicant is coming from Argentina or a foreign country. The sample will be evenly split between Argentinian and foreign applicants.

Foreign applicants will be from the countries with the highest counts of immigration, according to the last available census data in Argentina. The countries from which the immigrants come from will be: 4 countries for Latin America, 4 countries in Europe and and 4 countries in Asia.

For every country, we used census data (or the best available information) to get the two most common first (male and female) and last names for children born around the year 2000. For Argentina, we will use the five most common names.

Experimental Design Details

Randomization Method

The treatment will be block randomized by province.

Randomization Unit

Club level

Was the treatment clustered?

Experiment Characteristics

Sample size: planned number of clusters

1200 male clubs and 600 female clubs

Sample size: planned number of observations

1800

Sample size (or number of clusters) by treatment arms

900 control (Argentinian names), 900 treatment (foreign name). Within the 900 treatment, 75 (50 male and 25 female) emails will be sent from each country.

Minimum detectable effect size for main outcomes (accounting for sample design and clustering)

0.17 standard deviation

Supporting Documents and Materials

IRB