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Field Before After
Last Published June 30, 2025 03:07 AM May 20, 2026 06:01 AM
Public Data URL https://osf.io/k8fu7
Is there a restricted access data set available on request? No
Program Files Yes
Program Files URL https://osf.io/k8fu7
Is data available for public use? Yes
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Papers

Field Before After
Paper Abstract We conduct a large-scale labor-market experiment using more than 8,000 fictitious résumés to uncover the demand-side mechanisms behind the adverse treatment of the self-employed entering wage employment. We find that, compared to wage earners, self-employed individuals face lower callback rates across industries and skill groups. This adverse treatment is concentrated in the lower-skilled, non-managerial market of associate professionals, with a 28% drop in callback. Results suggest that self-employment leads to the development of generalist skills (useful for managerial roles) at the cost of specialist skills. Furthermore, perceived behavioral fit of the self-employed seems to be penalized in associate positions.
Paper Citation Asanov, I., & Mavlikeeva, M. (2026). Is Self-Employment a Career Trap? A Large-Scale Field Experiment in the Labor Market. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 0(0).
Paper URL https://doi.org/10.1177/10422587261440312
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