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Field
Last Published
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Before
May 21, 2025 02:23 PM
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After
June 23, 2025 10:48 PM
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Field
Intervention Start Date
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Before
May 12, 2025
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After
June 24, 2025
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Intervention End Date
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Before
May 30, 2025
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After
July 20, 2025
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Field
Primary Outcomes (Explanation)
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Before
Affective polarization is measured by feelings thermometers. This measure asks respondents to rate a variety of political leaders and groups on a scale ranging from cold (0) to warm (100). Affective polarization is the difference between partisans' feelings towards co-partisans and counter-partisans.
We elicit participants' willingness to have political conversations with different partisans through the Becker-DeGroot-Marschak (BDM) method (Becker et al., 1964). Specifically, we ask participants the minimum amount between 0 and $10 they are willing to accept for a chat about politics with a randomly selected Democrat and a randomly selected Republican, respectively. The outcome we construct is the difference between their minimum amounts for counter- vs co-partisans. This difference captures how polarized they are in having social interactions.
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After
Affective polarization is measured by feeling thermometer. This measure asks respondents to rate Democratic/Republican voters on a scale ranging from cold (0) to warm (100). Affective polarization is the difference between partisans' feelings towards co-partisans and counter-partisans.
We elicit participants' willingness to have political conversations with different partisans through the Becker-DeGroot-Marschak (BDM) method (Becker et al., 1964). Specifically, we ask participants the minimum amount between 0 and $10 they are willing to accept for a chat about politics with a randomly selected Democrat and a randomly selected Republican, respectively. The outcome we construct is the difference between their minimum amounts for counter- vs co-partisans. This difference captures how polarized they are in having social interactions.
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Field
Secondary Outcomes (End Points)
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Before
Participants' willingness to have non-political conversations with co- vs counter-partisans
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After
Social distance items
Participants' willingness to have non-political conversations with co- vs counter-partisans
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Field
Secondary Outcomes (Explanation)
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Before
Similar to political conversations, we use the BDM method to elicit participants' willingness to chat with different partisans on non-political topics. We focus on the difference between their minimum amounts for counter- vs co-partisans.
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After
We include social distance items as a complementary measure of affective polarization. The questions are adapted from Broockman et al. (2023). Participants will be asked whether they feel upset having their children married to counter-partisans, and if they feel comfortable being friends or neighbors with counter-partisans.
Similar to political conversations, we use the BDM method to elicit participants' willingness to chat with different partisans on non-political topics. We focus on the difference between their minimum amounts for counter- vs co-partisans.
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