Raising Retail Productivity through Data Pooling: A Mobile Phone App Intervention

Last registered on February 04, 2026

Pre-Trial

Trial Information

General Information

Title
Raising Retail Productivity through Data Pooling: A Mobile Phone App Intervention
RCT ID
AEARCTR-0016469
Initial registration date
August 04, 2025

Initial registration date is when the trial was registered.

It corresponds to when the registration was submitted to the Registry to be reviewed for publication.

First published
August 08, 2025, 6:55 AM EDT

First published corresponds to when the trial was first made public on the Registry after being reviewed.

Last updated
February 04, 2026, 9:16 PM EST

Last updated is the most recent time when changes to the trial's registration were published.

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Primary Investigator

Affiliation
U.C. Santa Cruz

Other Primary Investigator(s)

PI Affiliation
KDI School of Public Policy and Management
PI Affiliation
University of Notre Dame
PI Affiliation
University of Michigan

Additional Trial Information

Status
In development
Start date
2026-02-05
End date
2026-08-09
Secondary IDs
Prior work
This trial does not extend or rely on any prior RCTs.
Abstract
This study examines whether limited access to high‑quality demand and supplier information constrains the growth of small retailers in developing countries and whether an AI‑driven mobile application that pools sales data across shops can overcome this barrier. It will further test what the returns are to increasing the size of the data pool. One thousand Lusaka‑based retail shops will be randomly assigned in equal proportion to (i) an inventory‑management app only (control); (ii) the app plus lower-priced supplier recommendations generated from data pooled across a relatively small number of similar shops; or iii) the app plus lower-priced supplier recommendations generated from data pooled across a relatively large number of similar shops; or (iv) the app plus product recommendations generated from data on similar shops. Further, within the arm assigned to receive product recommendations, half the stores will receive a buy-back offer to mitigate against the risk of adopting new products that do not sell well. We will followup with the shops 3 times during and immediately after the intervention, and again 3 months later, in order to collect detailed data on adoption of the recommended products and suppliers, weekly sales, and business income. Results will inform policies aimed at supporting SME productivity through digital data‑sharing platforms.

External Link(s)

Registration Citation

Citation
Park, David et al. 2026. "Raising Retail Productivity through Data Pooling: A Mobile Phone App Intervention." AEA RCT Registry. February 04. https://doi.org/10.1257/rct.16469-2.0
Experimental Details

Interventions

Intervention(s)
Intervention Components:
1. Inventory‑management mobile application (basic logging & analytics)
2. AI-generated supplier recommendations
3. AI‑generated product recommendations

Intervention Start Date
2026-03-23
Intervention End Date
2026-05-24

Primary Outcomes

Primary Outcomes (end points)
We will specify our primary and secondary outcomes in a pre-analysis plan, which will be lodged before followup data collection begins. We plan to capture data on the following:
Adoption of the recommended product
Purchases from the recommended supplier
Sales & gross margin of recommended and existing products
Total sales revenue
Total business income / profit
Changes in suppliers or supplier search behaviour
Number of customers (footfall)
Number of distinct products stocked & inventory turnover
Introduction of other new products
Primary Outcomes (explanation)

Secondary Outcomes

Secondary Outcomes (end points)
Secondary Outcomes (explanation)

Experimental Design

Experimental Design
An individually randomised controlled trial with 1,000 shops divided equally across three arms.
Treatment Arms:
T0 (Control) – App only
T1 – App + supplier recommendations from a smaller pool of comparable shops
T2 – App + supplier recommendations from a larger pool of comparable shops
T3 - App + product recommendations from comparable shops

Cross‑Randomisation: Within T3, we will randomise whether stores also receive a buy-back offer, protecting them against the risk of the recommended product not selling well.

All shops receive in‑person onboarding and three weeks of usage incentives to ensure high app engagement.

Experimental Design Details
Not available
Randomization Method
Computer randomisation in Stata, using reproducible seed.
Randomization Unit
Individual firms
Was the treatment clustered?
No

Experiment Characteristics

Sample size: planned number of clusters
1000 firms
Sample size: planned number of observations
1000 firms
Sample size (or number of clusters) by treatment arms
T0 = 250 firms; T1 = 250 firms; T2 = 250 firms; T3 = 250 firms
Minimum detectable effect size for main outcomes (accounting for sample design and clustering)
IRB

Institutional Review Boards (IRBs)

IRB Name
University of California Santa Cruz
IRB Approval Date
2025-06-25
IRB Approval Number
Protocol Number HS-FY2025-271
IRB Name
ERES Converge, Lusaka, Zambia
IRB Approval Date
2025-07-03
IRB Approval Number
Protocol Number 2025-Jun-038
IRB Name
University of Michigan
IRB Approval Date
2025-07-30
IRB Approval Number
HUM00276811