| Field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Field Last Published | Before November 05, 2014 04:35 PM | After November 08, 2023 10:58 PM |
| Field Intervention Completion Date | Before | After January 31, 2012 |
| Field Final Sample Size: Number of Clusters (Unit of Randomization) | Before | After 76 schools |
| Field Was attrition correlated with treatment status? | Before | After No |
| Field Final Sample Size: Total Number of Observations | Before | After 15,422 pupils |
| Field Final Sample Size (or Number of Clusters) by Treatment Arms | Before | After 38 control schools 19 schools provided vision screening, but no offer of free eyeglasses 19 schools provided both vision screening and free eyeglasses offered to students with vision problems |
| Field Is there a restricted access data set available on request? | Before | After No |
| Field Program Files | Before | After No |
| Field Data Collection Completion Date | Before | After May 16, 2013 |
| Field Is data available for public use? | Before | After No |
| Field Keyword(s) | Before Education, Health | After Education, Health |
| Field Building on Existing Work | Before | After No |
| Field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Field Paper Abstract | Before | After More than 20 percent of all school-aged children in the United States have vision problems, and low-income and minority children are disproportionately likely to have unmet vision care needs. Vision screening is common in U.S. schools, but it remains an open question whether screening alone is sufficient to improve student outcomes. We implemented a multi-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the impact of vision screening, and of vision screening accompanied by eye exams and eyeglasses, provided by a non-profit organization to Title I elementary schools in three large central Florida school districts. We find that providing additional/enhanced screening alone is generally insufficient to improve student achievement in math and reading. In contrast, providing screening along with free eye exams and free eyeglasses to students with vision problems improved student achievement as measured by standardized test scores. We find, averaging over all students (including those without vision problems), that this more comprehensive intervention increased the probability of passing the Florida Comprehensive Achievement Tests (FCATs) in reading and math by approximately 2.0 percentage points. We also present evidence that indicates that this impact fades out over time, indicating that follow-up actions after the intervention may be necessary to sustain these estimated achievement gains. |
| Field Paper Citation | Before | After Glewwe, Paul, Kristine West and Jongwook Lee. 2018. "The Impact of Providing Vision Screening and Free Eyeglasses on Academic Outcomes: Evidence from a Randomized Trial in Title I Elementary Schools in Florida". Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 37(2):265-300. |
| Field Paper URL | Before | After https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pam.22043 |
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Field Paper Abstract | Value More than 20% of all school aged children in the United States have vision problems, and low-income and minority children are even more likely to have unmet vision care needs. We use a randomized control trial to evaluate the impact of enhanced vision services provided by a local non-profit organization to Title 1 elementary schools in three large central Florida school districts. That organization provides state-of-the-art screening, comprehensive vision exams and free eyeglasses for low-income children. We find that providing additional/enhanced screening alone is generally insufficient to improve student achievement in math and reading, yet in two of the three counties studied providing free vision exams and eyeglasses significantly improved student achievement in math and reading in grade 5 (but for the most part not in grade 4). The magnitude of the impact ranges from 0.07 to 0.16 standard deviations of the distribution of students’ test scores. The impact on English Language Learner (ELL) students is particularly large, increasing math and readings scores by about 0.15 standard deviations (averaged across grades 4 and 5). Most impacts faded out completely by the second year, but the impact on ELL students’ math scores (0.08 standard deviations in year 2) did not fade out. A simple calculation suggests that providing screening and free eyeglasses has benefits that may be two orders of magnitude higher than the costs. |
| Field Paper Citation | Value Glewwe, Paul, Kristine West and Jongwook Lee. 2014. The Impact of Providing Vision Screening and Free Eyeglasses on Academic Outcomes: Evidence from a Randomized Trial in Title 1 Elementary Schools. Department of Applied Economics. University of Minnesota. |
| Field Paper URL | Value http://faculty.apec.umn.edu/pglewwe/research.html |