Salience of toll ring prices

Last registered on January 05, 2026
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Pre-Trial

Trial Information

General Information

Title
Salience of toll ring prices
RCT ID
AEARCTR-0017011
Initial registration date
December 19, 2025

Initial registration date is when the trial was registered.

It corresponds to when the registration was submitted to the Registry to be reviewed for publication.

First published
January 05, 2026, 7:02 AM EST

First published corresponds to when the trial was first made public on the Registry after being reviewed.

Locations

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Primary Investigator

Name
Gøril Andreassen
Affiliation
Institute of Transport Economics
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Other Primary Investigator(s)

PI Name
Alice Ciccone
PI Affiliation
Institute of Transport Economics
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PI Name
Askill Harkjerr Halse
PI Affiliation
Institute of Transport Economics
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PI Name
Karen Evelyn Hauge
PI Affiliation
The Ragnar Frisch Centre for economic research
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Additional Trial Information

Status
In development
Start date
2026-01-27
End date
2026-06-28
Keywords
Behavior, Environment & Energy
Additional Keywords
Salience, toll systems, attitudes, taxes, car use, knowledge, RCT
JEL code(s)
D91, H29, Q58, R48
Secondary IDs
Prior work
This trial does not extend or rely on any prior RCTs.
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of providing information and making costs associated with car use more salient. Specifically, we will study the impact of informing drivers about road toll prices over time on driving behavior and attitudes.
External Link(s)

Registration Citation

Citation
Andreassen, Gøril et al. 2026. "Salience of toll ring prices." AEA RCT Registry. January 05. https://doi.org/10.1257/rct.17011-1.0
Sponsors & Partners

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Experimental Details

Interventions

Intervention(s)
The treatment group will receive an email every Tuesday for 8 weeks, informing them about the price of passing the toll ring for the type of car they own and summarizing their toll costs and the number of toll crossings the previous week.
Intervention Start Date
2026-01-27
Intervention End Date
2026-03-31

Primary Outcomes

Primary Outcomes (end points)
1) The number of toll ring crossings per week per toll tag 2) The percentage difference between the correct price for crossing the toll ring and what the respondent believes. 3) Attitudes towards the toll system in Oslo
Primary Outcomes (explanation)
Please see preanalysis plan/Registered Report

Secondary Outcomes

Secondary Outcomes (end points)
Please see preanalysis plan/Registered Report
Secondary Outcomes (explanation)
Please see preanalysis plan/Registered Report

Experimental Design

Experimental Design
We will randomly divide our target population, consisting of car drivers, into one treatment group and two control groups. The treatment group will receive two survey invitations and information about the cost of passing the toll road by email every week for 8 weeks. Control group A receives invitations to the baseline and endline survey. Control group B does not receive anything from us. The treatment group consists of approximately 6000 toll tag users, control group A consists of approximately 6000 toll tag users, while control group B consists of the rest of our study population (approximately 108,000 toll tag users).
Experimental Design Details
Not available
Randomization Method
Randomization done in office by a computer. Please see more details in preanalysis plan/Registered Report.
Randomization Unit
Address of the toll tag users.
Was the treatment clustered?
No

Experiment Characteristics

Sample size: planned number of clusters
Not relevant
Sample size: planned number of observations
Approx. 120,000 toll tags for outcome variable 1. 1800 individuals for outcome variable 2 and 3.
Sample size (or number of clusters) by treatment arms
Outcome variable 1: 6000 treatment group, 108,000-114,000 controlgroup
Outcome variable 2 and 3: 900 in treatment group, 900 in control group.
Minimum detectable effect size for main outcomes (accounting for sample design and clustering)
Please see preanalysis plan/Registered report
Supporting Documents and Materials
IRB

Institutional Review Boards (IRBs)

IRB Name
The Institute of Transport Economics IRB
IRB Approval Date
2025-06-05
IRB Approval Number
N/A
Analysis Plan