Collective Rationality: An experimental Study

Last registered on October 27, 2025

Pre-Trial

Trial Information

General Information

Title
Collective Rationality: An experimental Study
RCT ID
AEARCTR-0017015
Initial registration date
October 14, 2025

Initial registration date is when the trial was registered.

It corresponds to when the registration was submitted to the Registry to be reviewed for publication.

First published
October 27, 2025, 6:17 AM EDT

First published corresponds to when the trial was first made public on the Registry after being reviewed.

Locations

Region

Primary Investigator

Affiliation
CNRS, Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne

Other Primary Investigator(s)

PI Affiliation
Wuhan University, Economics and Management School
PI Affiliation
Wuhan University of Technology
PI Affiliation
Wuhan University, Economics and Management School

Additional Trial Information

Status
In development
Start date
2025-11-01
End date
2025-12-31
Secondary IDs
Prior work
This trial does not extend or rely on any prior RCTs.
Abstract
This experiment investigates the behavioral foundations of collective rationality in group decision-making under uncertainty. Participants make choice over risky options, both individually and after group deliberation. The design tests whether collective choices satisfy standard rationality. By comparing individual and group-level choices, the experiment identifies how discussion, information exchange, and cognitive constraints shape collective preferences. The findings aim to provide empirical foundations for theories of collective decision-making and preference aggregation in economics and behavioral social science.
External Link(s)

Registration Citation

Citation
Cai, Chun et al. 2025. "Collective Rationality: An experimental Study." AEA RCT Registry. October 27. https://doi.org/10.1257/rct.17015-1.0
Experimental Details

Interventions

Intervention(s)
Intervention (Hidden)
Intervention Start Date
2025-11-01
Intervention End Date
2025-12-20

Primary Outcomes

Primary Outcomes (end points)
1.Individual rationality measured by Critical cost efficiency index (CCEI; Afriat, 1972)
2.Collective rationality measured by Critical cost efficiency index (CCEI; Afriat, 1972)
Primary Outcomes (explanation)

Secondary Outcomes

Secondary Outcomes (end points)
Secondary Outcomes (explanation)

Experimental Design

Experimental Design
Our experimental design includes two treatments, with group sizes of 3 and 5 participants, respectively. Each experiment consists of 2 stages: the first stage involves individual decisions, and the second stage involves collective decisions (in groups of 3 or 5).

Baseline Condition (Group-size-3 condition)
In the first stage, using the methods of Choi et al. (2007, 2014), the decision maker’s (DM’s) task is to independently distribute points between two accounts, labeled BLUE(x) and RED(y). We can caculate the exchange rates(p) between BLUE and RED accounts. Thus, a decision obtains a tuple (x, p) whereby a DM selects a bundle (x, y) under the exchange rates (px, py).
Since measuring rationality requires a collection of such decisions, we include 25 tasks with randomly generated lines (Choi et al., 2014). After that, we measure the economic rationality of these 25 decisions, (xi, pi) (i=1,…, 25).

The second stage involves collective decision-making, including 25 rounds as well. At the beginning of each round, each group member makes an independent allocation choice following the method from Stage 1. They then proceed to an “deliberation” phase, such as structured discussion, silent voting, during which a collective decision is reached. Collective rationality for each group is measured using the same method as in the first stage. The design enables identification of whether collective choices satisfy rationality.

Group-size-5 condition
The Group-size-5 condition proceeds exactly as the Group-size-3 condition, except that each group consists of five members instead of three in the collective decision stage.
Experimental Design Details
Randomization Method
The order of sessions for different treatments will be randomly assigned. After participants enter the laboratory, their seats will be randomly assigned. In addition, participants will be randomly assigned to groups (collectives) through in oTree. Randomization is conducted at the individual level.
Randomization Unit
This is a between-subject experiment. Subjects will be randomly assigned to two conditions, Baseline Condition (Group-size-3 condition) and Group-size-5 condition.
Was the treatment clustered?
No

Experiment Characteristics

Sample size: planned number of clusters
We have two conditions: 40 groups with 3 participants each and 40 groups with 5 participants each.
Sample size: planned number of observations
We plan to recruit 320 people in total.
Sample size (or number of clusters) by treatment arms
We plan to recruit 120 participants for Group-size-3 condition and 200 participants for Group-size-5 condition.
Minimum detectable effect size for main outcomes (accounting for sample design and clustering)
IRB

Institutional Review Boards (IRBs)

IRB Name
Wuhan University
IRB Approval Date
2025-09-18
IRB Approval Number
WHU-HSS-IRB2025085

Post-Trial

Post Trial Information

Study Withdrawal

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Intervention

Is the intervention completed?
No
Data Collection Complete
Data Publication

Data Publication

Is public data available?
No

Program Files

Program Files
Reports, Papers & Other Materials

Relevant Paper(s)

Reports & Other Materials