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Field
Primary Outcomes (Explanation)
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Before
Donation (DG): the child has an endowment of 8 tokens and has to decide how many out of those to give to an anonymous other and similar-to-self child, and how many to retain. Donation will be a continuous variable quantifying the amount donated.
Inequality Aversion: among a set of two possible options, a child has to choose a preferred allocation of tokens to two other anonymous and similar-to-self children: equal split of (2-2) versus (3-5). We will construct a binary variable: whether chose the equal split.
Now we provide more details on underlying data collection for obtaining these measures:
Children will complete behavioral tasks in the field as part of the data collection process: in the experimental sessions aimed at measuring children’s social preferences, children will make incentivized choices. Measurements will be undertaken by a small team of experimenters that will conduct the class measurement event in a single day, in order to minimize disruption in school activities. The team will be supervised by a Researcher (PI or co-Author), who will not enter the experimental room where behavioural tasks are performed. Each measurement event will involve one child in turn. Children, in random order, will be called and, if giving oral consent to proceed, will be accompanied to the experimental room (where experimenters A and B will be present), and while being accompanied there they will pass by (and so have the chance to quickly have a look at) the experimental shop (where experimenters C and D will be placed) displaying items they might later be able to buy with the obtained tokens. In the experimental room, the child in Session 1 (baseline measurement) will play
- A Dictator Game (DG), e.g.: the child has an endowment of 8 tokens and has to decide how many out of those to give to an anonymous other and similar-to-self child, and how many to retain, while experimenters present in the room are turned and cannot see.
- An Inequality Aversion choice: among a set of two possible options, a child has to choose a preferred allocation of tokens to two other anonymous and similar-to-self children: equal split of (2-2) versus (3-5).
DG choices made by children will be implemented; the inequality aversion choice will be implemented with a probability of 1/n where n is class size.
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After
Donation (DG): the child has an endowment of 8 tokens and has to decide how many out of those to give to an anonymous other and similar-to-self child, and how many to retain. Donation will be a continuous variable quantifying the amount donated.
Inequality Aversion: among a set of two possible options, a child has to choose a preferred allocation of tokens to two other anonymous and similar-to-self children: equal split of (2-2) versus (3-5). We will construct a binary variable: whether chose the equal split.
Now we provide more details on underlying data collection for obtaining these measures:
Children will complete behavioral tasks in the field as part of the data collection process: in the experimental sessions aimed at measuring children’s social preferences, children will make incentivized choices. Measurements will be undertaken by a small team of experimenters that will conduct the class measurement event in a single day, in order to minimize disruption in school activities. The team will be supervised by a Researcher (PI or co-Author), who will not enter the experimental room where behavioural tasks are performed. Each measurement event will involve one child in turn. Children, in random order, will be called and, if giving oral consent to proceed, will be accompanied to the experimental room (where experimenters A and B will be present), and while being accompanied there they will pass by (and so have the chance to quickly have a look at) the experimental shop (where experimenters C and D will be placed) displaying items they might later be able to buy with the obtained tokens. In the experimental room, the child in Session 1 (baseline measurement) will play
- A Dictator Game (DG), e.g.: the child has an endowment of 8 tokens and has to decide how many out of those to give to an anonymous other and similar-to-self child, and how many to retain, while experimenters present in the room are turned and cannot see.
- An Inequality Aversion choice: among a set of two possible options, a child has to choose a preferred allocation of tokens to two other anonymous and similar-to-self children: equal split of (2-2) versus (3-5).
DG choices made by children will be implemented; the inequality aversion choice will be implemented with a probability of 1/n where n is class size.
Update on 6th February 2026: This update is registered before the Session 2 data collection begins (it will begin on the 9th of February 2026). Session 2 is the first "post-treatment". In Session 2 we are going to repeat the same measures undertaken in Session 1 (as described above and in that same order) and we are going to add, after those two, a third measure, where the child is proposed to take the “Sen’s flute” choice (A.Sen, The Idea of Justice, Cambridge MA: Belknap Press, 2009) as described in the template attached. This third measurement is meant to capture the child view of social justice. This third one is a hypothetical choice and will not be implemented.
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