Field
Sample size (or number of clusters) by treatment arms
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Before
417 individuals with Treatment 1, monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
417 individuals with Treatment 1, monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
417 individuals with Treatment 1, monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
417 individuals with Treatment 1, monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
417 individuals with Treatment 1 and no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
417 individuals with Treatment 1 and no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
417 individuals with Treatment 1 and no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
417 individuals with Treatment 1 and no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
417 individuals with Treatment 2 and monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
417 individuals with Treatment 2 and monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
417 individuals with Treatment 2 and monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
417 individuals with Treatment 2 and monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
417 individuals with Treatment 2 and no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
417 individuals with Treatment 2 and no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
417 individuals with Treatment 2 and no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
417 individuals with Treatment 2 and no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
416 control individuals with monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
416 control individuals with monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
416 control individuals with monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
416 control individuals with monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
416 control individuals with no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
416 control individuals with no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
416 control individuals with no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
416 control individuals with no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
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After
First Adult Wave:
208 individuals with Treatment 1, monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
208 individuals with Treatment 1, monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
208 individuals with Treatment 1, monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
208 individuals with Treatment 1, monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
208 individuals with Treatment 1 and no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
208 individuals with Treatment 1 and no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
208 individuals with Treatment 1 and no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
208 individuals with Treatment 1 and no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
208 individuals with Treatment 2 and monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
208 individuals with Treatment 2 and monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
208 individuals with Treatment 2 and monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
208 individuals with Treatment 2 and monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
208 individuals with Treatment 2 and no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
208 individuals with Treatment 2 and no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
208 individuals with Treatment 2 and no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
208 individuals with Treatment 2 and no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
209 control individuals with monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
209 control individuals with monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
209 control individuals with monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
209 control individuals with monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
209 control individuals with no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
209 control individuals with no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
209 control individuals with no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
209 control individuals with no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
Second Adult Wave:
83 individuals with Treatment 1, monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
83 individuals with Treatment 1, monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
83 individuals with Treatment 1, monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
83 individuals with Treatment 1, monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
83 individuals with Treatment 1 and no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
83 individuals with Treatment 1 and no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
83 individuals with Treatment 1 and no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
83 individuals with Treatment 1 and no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
83 individuals with Treatment 2 and monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
83 individuals with Treatment 2 and monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
83 individuals with Treatment 2 and monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
83 individuals with Treatment 2 and monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
83 individuals with Treatment 2 and no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
83 individuals with Treatment 2 and no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
83 individuals with Treatment 2 and no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
83 individuals with Treatment 2 and no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
84 control individuals with monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
84 control individuals with monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
84 control individuals with monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
84 control individuals with monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
84 control individuals with no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Blacks first
84 control individuals with no monetary incentives, order 1, questions on Whites first
84 control individuals with no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Blacks first
84 control individuals with no monetary incentives, order 2, questions on Whites first
Teenagers:
167 individuals with Treatment 1, order 1, questions on Blacks first
167 individuals with Treatment 1, order 1, questions on Whites first
167 individuals with Treatment 1, order 2, questions on Blacks first
167 individuals with Treatment 1, order 2, questions on Whites first
167 individuals with Treatment 2, order 1, questions on Blacks first
167 individuals with Treatment 2, order 1, questions on Whites first
167 individuals with Treatment 2, order 2, questions on Blacks first
167 individuals with Treatment 2, order 2, questions on Whites first
166 control individuals, order 1, questions on Blacks first
166 control individuals, order 1, questions on Whites first
166 control individuals, order 2, questions on Blacks first
166 control individuals, order 2, questions on Whites first
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Field
Intervention (Hidden)
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Before
The intervention will consist in two distinct information treatments. Participants will be randomized in three groups. One group, the control group, will not receive any treatments while the other two groups will receive one of the two treatments each.
The two treatments focus on two different topics. The first is on the difference between the intergenerational mobility for Whites and Blacks in the US. The second one is on how the earnings evolved differently in the US from 1970 to today for Whites and Blacks differentiating between men and women as well.
More precisely, the first treatment consists in a short video (less than 2 minutes). To show the intergenerational mobility in a simple and understandable way, in the animation we show 100 kids starting from the bottom of a ladder (which represents the bottom quintile of the parents income distribution) who move to the five different steps of a second ladder (where every step represents a quintile of the income distribution of the children when they grow up). We will show this animation twice, one with 100 black kids and one with 100 white kids. At the end of the video, we put the two final ladders one next to the other. In this way we allow the participants to easily visualize and compare the different rate of intergenerational mobility between Whites and Blacks.
The second treatment also consists in a short video (around 1 minute). in this animation, to show how earnings evolved over time, we are using an animated line graph. In a first vertical line, representing the earnings in 1970, four points will appear indicating the average earnings for white men, white women, black men and black women back in 1970. Same thing will happen on a second vertical line representing the average earnings of today (2017). At this point, straight lines will connect the two points. In this way, participants will easily visualize how much the evolution of earnings differed across the four different groups.
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After
The intervention will consist in two distinct information treatments. Participants will be randomized in three groups. One group, the control group, will not receive any treatments while the other two groups will receive one of the two treatments each.
The two treatments focus on two different topics. The first is on the difference between the intergenerational mobility for Whites and Blacks in the US. The second one is on how the earnings evolved differently in the US from 1970 to today for Whites and Blacks differentiating between men and women as well.
More precisely, the first treatment consists in a short video (less than 2 minutes). To show the intergenerational mobility in a simple and understandable way, in the animation we show 100 kids starting from the bottom of a ladder (which represents the bottom quintile of the parents income distribution) who move to the five different steps of a second ladder (where every step represents a quintile of the income distribution of the children when they grow up). We will show this animation twice, one with 100 black kids and one with 100 white kids. At the end of the video, we put the two final ladders one next to the other. In this way we allow the participants to easily visualize and compare the different rate of intergenerational mobility between Whites and Blacks.
The second treatment also consists in a short video (around 1 minute). In this animation, to show how earnings evolved over time, we are using an animated line graph. In a first vertical line, representing the earnings in 1970, four points will appear indicating the average earnings for white men, white women, black men and black women back in 1970. Same thing will happen on a second vertical line representing the average earnings of today (2017). At this point, straight lines will connect the two points. In this way, participants will easily visualize how much the evolution of earnings differed across the four different groups.
During the second wave of the survey, we will have again two different treatments. The first one will focus on the increase in inequality cause by the COVID19 pandemic between poor and rich people while the second will be on the increase in inequality between black and white people. Both treatments will consist in a short video (less than 1 minute) with a similar wording to help us disentangle the two different effects. In the video we will start by telling that the unemployment rate increased a lot because of the COVID19 pandemic and that those who are more likely to lose their job are those that can't work from home. In the first treatment we highlight that these jobs are more common among poor people so that in the end poor people will suffer the most from the crisis. In the second treatment we instead highlight that these same jobs are more common among black people compared to white people so that in the end black people will suffer the most from the crisis.
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