Secondary Outcomes (explanation)
Secondary Outcome 1: Child School Participation is operationalized as the index of scores on questions about the number of days of school that a child missed in the last week for economic or other reasons, as well as random polling of teachers for child attendance.
Children self report the number of days of school they have missed in the past week due to domestic activities, economic activities, or agricultural activities: to learn a job, to work for pay, to help in a plantation or family business, to do field work, to do domestic work
Children self report the number of days of school they have missed in the past week due to: sickness, injury, physical inability, school too far, inability to pay school fees, parents did not want child to go to school, weak in studies, lack of interest, education considered worthless, lack of security in school, bad weather conditions, family emergencies, travel (with parents), obstacle on the way to school,
Children self report the number of days of school they have missed in the past week because the school was closed or the teacher was absent.
Children self report the number of days in the past week in which they attended school in the morning but did not return to school for the afternoon lessons.
Secondary Outcome 2: Children’s non-academic outcomes. Each domain will be examined separately as a scale.
Motivation (child-report using the Elementary School Motivation Scale (ESMS; Guay, Marsh & Dowson, 2005)
Social-emotional skills (including stress management and empathy measured using the International Social-emotional Learning Assessment (ISELA); Pisani et al., 2018)
Children’s executive function, measured using the Hearts and Flowers task (Diamond et al., 2007) and the forward and backward digit span.
Secondary Outcome 3: Family investments in education. We will create an index of the following scales:
Parent involvement in child’s educational activities
Cognitive stimulating activities with children
Parents’ perceptions of educational value and opportunity
Parents’ expectations and beliefs about children’s school attendance
Secondary Outcome 4: Family well-being. We will create an index of the following scales:
Parental stress ratings
Household wealth
Women’s empowerment and bargaining power
Maternal mental health
Secondary Outcome 5: Teacher knowledge on TaRL practices. Teachers will respond to a survey assessing their knowledge of the TaRL content, implementation practices, and purpose behind the approach. We will create an index to assess one scale of teacher knowledge.
Secondary Outcome 6: Teacher professional well-being. Teachers will respond to a survey assessing their professional well-being in three domains. Each domain will be examined separately as a scale score.
Motivation
Burnout (measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI))
Job satisfaction