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Field
Trial Status
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Before
in_development
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After
completed
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Field
Last Published
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Before
September 30, 2019 05:28 PM
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After
December 08, 2025 08:18 AM
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Field
Intervention (Public)
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Before
We randomly draw general practitioners (GPs) from the universe of all primary care providers active in the outpatient sector in Switzerland to receive peer comparison letters containing information on either their health care expenditures and/or practice style behavior (vaccination or generic drug rates) in comparison to GPs with a comparable risk pool of patients. Primary care providers in the control group receive no social comparison letter.
The letter will be sent out once at the beginning of the intervention period and the short-term reaction is tracked after half a year. To capture the long-term response, information on the main outcomes will be gathered again after one year.
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After
We randomly assigned general practitioners (GPs) from the universe of all primary care providers active in the outpatient sector in Switzerland to receive peer comparison letters containing information on low-value care (i.e., vitamin D testing and generic substitution) or medical spending in comparison to GPs with a comparable risk pool of patients. Primary care providers in the control group receive no social comparison letter.
The letter will be sent out once at the beginning of the intervention period and the short-term reaction is tracked after half a year. To capture the long-term response, information on the main outcomes will be gathered again after one year.
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Field
Primary Outcomes (End Points)
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Before
Primary outcomes of the field experiment are the health care costs (plus cost subcategories) and practice style indicators including the influenza vaccination rate and generic drug rate of GPs active in the Swiss outpatient sector.
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After
Primary outcomes of the field experiment are the health care costs (plus cost subcategories) and low-value care services including vitamin D tests and the share of generics prescribed to patients of GPs active in the Swiss outpatient sector.
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Field
Planned Number of Clusters
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Before
6300 primary care providers
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After
3064 primary care providers (n = 766 per arm)
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Field
Planned Number of Observations
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Before
6300 primary care providers
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After
3064 primary care providers (n = 766 per arm)
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Field
Sample size (or number of clusters) by treatment arms
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Before
1600 GPs in the control group (no letter); 1600 GPs in the generic drug rate intervention group; 1500 GPs in the influenza vaccination intervention group; 1600 in the health care cost intervention group
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After
766 GPs in the control group (no letter); 766 GPs in the generic substitution arm; 766 GPs in the vitmamin D testing arm and 766 in the health spending intervention group
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Field
Keyword(s)
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Before
Health
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After
Health
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Field
Public analysis plan
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Before
No
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After
Yes
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Field
Building on Existing Work
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Before
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After
No
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