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Field Before After
Trial Status in_development on_going
Trial End Date December 31, 2021 December 31, 2022
Last Published November 18, 2020 10:03 AM November 09, 2021 03:49 PM
Intervention (Public) The intervention is the free provision of a smartphone App which includes information on several administrative processes, such as obtaining a national identity card or a driving license, in Burkina Faso. The intervention is the free provision of a smartphone App which includes information on several administrative processes, such as obtaining a national identity card or a driving license, in Burkina Faso. Information includes the location of the relevant administration to conduct a given administrative process, the required documents or paperwork, and the monetary cost of the process. As such, the App is also designed as an instrument to address day-to-day corruption, such as bribery, which is widespread in Burkina Faso. The App is available in French and local languages, and has a voice-responsive version (which does not require literacy). It is provided by the Burkinabe start-up ONE, which developed and distributed the App, with funding from the World Bank. The App was developed as part of a broader anti-corruption initiative (3LC) based on citizen engagement.
Intervention End Date April 01, 2021 December 31, 2021
Primary Outcomes (End Points) - administrative tasks succeeded (#) - time to complete administrative tasks (days) - number of visits to administration per task (#) - total cost paid to the administration per task - bribery paid for administrative tasks (0/1) - total bribery amount for administrative tasks (log, CFA) - support of other individuals for administrative tasks (#) - success from other individuals supported in administrative tasks (#) - bribery paid by these individuals for administrative tasks (0/1) - total bribery paid by these individuals for administrative tasks (log, CFA) - administrative tasks succeeded (#) - time to complete administrative tasks (days) - number of visits to administration per task (#) - total cost paid to the administration per task - bribery paid for administrative tasks (0/1) - total bribery amount for administrative tasks (log, CFA) - support of other individuals for administrative tasks (#) - success from other individuals supported in administrative tasks (#) - bribery paid by these individuals for administrative tasks (0/1) - total bribery paid by these individuals for administrative tasks (log, CFA) See pre-analysis plan for a detailed list of outcomes and their construction.
Primary Outcomes (Explanation) See pre-analysis plan for a detailed list of outcomes and their construction.
Experimental Design (Public) Access to the App was randomized at the individual level by the App provider (ONE). Access to the App was randomized at the individual level and the App was provided accordingly by the intervention firm (ONE). Participants were recruited by ONE from several sources. The main source is a Facebook forum which had been animated by ONE on the topic of corruption in Burkina Faso. Facebook group participants, as well as other Facebook users could register for the study via WhatsApp or SMS by providing their name and phone number. ONE also recruited participants among past participants of anti-corruption training that they had conducted among university students, and through a campaign in universities. Interested students could register in the same manner or by writing their contact information on a paper form. Among the pool of participants who answered the baseline survey, the research team selected randomly half of the applicants for receiving the App, while the other half will remain in the control group.
Randomization Method Randomization will be conducted in the office by the PI using a computer using the baseline survey data. Randomization was conducted in the office by the PI, on a computer, using the baseline survey data.
Power calculation: Minimum Detectable Effect Size for Main Outcomes Power calculations indicate a required sample of 2500 (1250 for each of the treatment and control arms) to reach a decrease in average bribery amounts by 25%. Power calculations indicate a required sample of 2500 to 3000 individuals (half for each of the treatment and control arms) to reach a decrease in processing time of the administrative task, likelihood to pay a bride or average bribery amounts of 0.1 s.d. or 25% approximatively.
Keyword(s) Behavior, Governance, Other Behavior, Governance, Other
Intervention (Hidden) The intervention is the free provision of a smartphone App which includes information on several administrative processes, such as obtaining a national identity card or a driving license, in Burkina Faso. Information includes the location of the relevant administration to conduct a given administrative process, the required documents or paperwork, and the monetary cost of the process. As such, the App is also designed as an instrument to address day-to-day corruption, such as bribery, which is widespread in Burkina Faso. The App is available in French and local languages, and has a voice-responsive version (which does not require literacy). It is provided by the Burkinabe start-up ONE, which developed and distributed the App, with funding from the World Bank. The App was developed as part of a broader anti-corruption initiative (3LC) based on citizen engagement.
Public analysis plan No Yes
Secondary Outcomes (End Points) - administrative tasks started (#) - distance travelled per task (km) - total other costs per task (transportation, etc.) - support from peer for tasks (0/1) - use of intermediary (0/1) - initiation of bribery demand (0/1) - reason for asking bribes - perceived easiness and confidence during the administrative process (see below) - bribery paid for other reasons (e.g. for trafic violation) - time for administrative process for individuals helped with administrative tasks (days) - total other bribery amount (e.g. for trafic violation) (log, CFA) - administrative tasks started (#) - distance travelled per task (km) - total other costs per task (transportation, etc.) - support from peer for tasks (0/1) - use of intermediary (0/1) - initiation of bribery demand (0/1) - reason for asking bribes - perceived easiness and confidence during the administrative process (see below) - bribery paid for other reasons (e.g. for trafic violation) - time for administrative process for individuals helped with administrative tasks (days) - total other bribery amount (e.g. for trafic violation) (log, CFA) See pre-analysis plan for a detailed list of outcomes and their construction.
Secondary Outcomes (Explanation) - use of intermediary (as individuals receiving bribes: question 4.1k) - initiation of bribery demand: question 4.1n - reason for asking bribes: question 4.1o. - perceived easiness and confidence during the administrative process: perceived on a scale from "very difficult" to "very easy" (question 4.1p) and "not comfortable at all" to "very comfortable" (question 4.1q); see questionnaire attached - use of intermediary (as individuals receiving bribes: question 4.1k) - initiation of bribery demand: question 4.1n - reason for asking bribes: question 4.1o. - perceived easiness and confidence during the administrative process: perceived on a scale from "very difficult" to "very easy" (question 4.1p) and "not comfortable at all" to "very comfortable" (question 4.1q); see questionnaire attached See pre-analysis plan for a detailed list of outcomes and their construction.
Public locations No Yes
Building on Existing Work No
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Analysis Plans

Field Before After
Document
Citizens+against+corruption_PAP_oct2021.pdf
MD5: 2f7dab3804cffc266de6156a460faf0d
SHA1: a26ae26b740cf659c824cf4b430190a2c6ae023c
Title Pre-analysis plan (v1.0)
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Partners

Field Before After
Public No Yes
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