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Field
Experimental Design (Public)
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Before
Participants will be divided into groups of two. One participant is assigned the role of the Manager while the other is assigned the role of the Worker. Managers will receive a signal about their matched Worker’s task performance and choose how they would like to provide feedback to their Worker. The Worker then chooses how they would like to be compensated for their task performance.
NOTE: This project is a follow-up experiment from a previously registered trial (https://www.socialscienceregistry.org/trials/5543), which was designed as a laboratory experiment. That experiment was abandoned due to the Covid-19 pandemic. In this study, the experiment has been redesigned to be conducted online and to address a revised set of research questions.
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After
Participants will be divided into groups of two. One participant is assigned the role of the Manager while the other is assigned the role of the Worker. Managers will receive a signal about their matched Worker’s task performance and choose how they would like to provide feedback to their Worker. The Worker then chooses how they would like to be compensated for their task performance.
NOTE: This project is a follow-up experiment from a previously registered trial (https://www.socialscienceregistry.org/trials/5543), which was designed as a laboratory experiment. That experiment was abandoned due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, the experiment has been redesigned to be conducted online and to address a revised set of research questions.
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Field
Randomization Method
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Before
Our experiment follows a 2 × 2 × 2 between-subject treatment design and conducted entirely using participants recruited from Prolific. We will recruit a gender-balanced sample for both Workers and Managers.
All treatment assignment is determined randomly using the following protocols:
1. Worker’s gender: Managers will be matched with either a male Worker or a female Worker. This is randomly determined at the individual level by the computer software, such that there are an equal number of male and female Workers to be matched to Managers.
2. Instrumentality of Manager’s feedback (i.e., timing of feedback): Each Manager-Worker pair will be randomly assigned to either the Instrumental treatment or the Non-Instrumental treatment. This will again be randomly determined at the individual level by the computer software, such that there are an equal number of Managers in each treatment.
3. Precision of signal received by Managers: Each Manager will either receive a precise, moderate, or vague signal about their Worker’s performance. This is randomly determined at the individual level using the computer software. The probability distribution of signal types {Precise, Moderate, Vague} is fixed at {0.66, 0.33, 0.01}. Note that managers receiving a vague signal will be excluded from the analysis.
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After
Our experiment follows a 2 × 2 × 2 between-subject treatment design and conducted entirely using participants recruited from Prolific. We will recruit a gender-balanced sample for both Workers and Managers.
All treatment assignment is determined randomly using the following protocols:
1. Worker’s gender: Managers will be matched with either a male Worker or a female Worker. This is randomly determined at the individual level by the computer software, such that there are an equal number of male and female Workers to be matched to Managers.
2. Instrumentality of Manager’s feedback (i.e., timing of feedback): Each Manager-Worker pair will be randomly assigned to either the Instrumental treatment or the Non-Instrumental treatment. This will again be randomly determined at the individual level by the computer software, such that there are an equal number of Managers in each treatment.
3. Precision of signal received by Managers: Each Manager will either receive a precise, moderate, or vague signal about their Worker’s performance. This is randomly determined at the individual level using the computer software. The probability distribution of signal types {Precise, Moderate, Vague} is fixed at {0.65, 0.30, 0.05}. Note that managers receiving a vague signal will be excluded from the analysis.
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