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Abstract
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Before
There occurs one rape every 14 minutes and one incident of cruelty by husband or his relatives every 5 minutes (NCRB, 2016). Alongside, the female labour force participation rate across India has declined from 30.28% in 1990 to 20.52% in 2019 (World Bank, 2020). Excessive dependence on family (for both physical and economic safety) and lack of knowledge about various laws that safeguard women could be a major reason for the reduction in the female labour force participation rate. In the current study, we plan to conduct awareness workshops with adolescent girls, wherein the various laws which protect women’s rights and self-defense techniques shall be discussed. We plan to see whether these workshops improve women’s knowledge about these laws, instill self-confidence among women and positively affect their future hopes and aspirations, in the form of taking better decisions regarding higher education, age at marriage, etc. We also plan to see whether these workshops have significant spillover effects on siblings and friends of the participants, particularly focusing on heterogeneous effects by age and gender of siblings and caste of friends.
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After
There occurs one rape every 14 minutes and one incident of cruelty by husband or his relatives every 5 minutes (NCRB, 2016). Alongside, the female labour force participation rate across India has declined from 30.28% in 1990 to 20.52% in 2019 (World Bank, 2020). Excessive dependence on family (for both physical and economic safety) and lack of knowledge about various laws that safeguard women could be a major reason for the reduction in the female labour force participation rate. In the current study, we plan to conduct awareness workshops with adolescent girls, wherein the various laws which protect women’s rights and self-defense techniques shall be discussed. We plan to see whether these workshops improve women’s knowledge about these laws, instill self-confidence among women and positively affect their future hopes and aspirations, in the form of motivating them to go for higher education and participate in the labour force, etc. We also plan to see whether these workshops have significant spillover effects on siblings and friends of the participants, particularly focusing on heterogeneous effects by age and gender of siblings and caste of friends. We also plan to conduct a follow-up survey six months after the endline survey to understand whether the effects persist over time.
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Last Published
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Before
March 08, 2021 10:26 AM
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After
July 12, 2022 03:40 PM
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Intervention (Public)
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Before
The main objective of this study is to examine whether knowledge dissemination and self-defense workshops can improve awareness among adolescent girls, positively boost self-confidence and eventually affect their future hopes and aspirations in the form of taking better decisions regarding higher education, age at marriage, etc. We also plan to see whether these workshops have spillover effects on siblings and friends. We are also interested to see whether there exists heterogeneous effects across age and gender of siblings and caste of friends.
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After
The main objective of this study is to examine whether knowledge dissemination and self-defense workshops can improve awareness among adolescent girls, positively boost self-confidence and eventually affect their future hopes and aspirations in the form of taking better decisions regarding higher education, employment, etc. We also plan to see whether these workshops have spillover effects on siblings and friends, and whether there exists heterogeneous effects across age and gender of siblings and caste of friends. We also plan to see whether these effects persist over time.
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Primary Outcomes (End Points)
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Before
Respondents' knowledge about the various laws that protect women and their rights, perception of safety and security, confidence to fight back, future hopes and aspirations (overall) and in the form of motivation to graduate and work in the future, expected age of first marriage, etc.
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After
Respondents' knowledge about the various laws that protect women and their rights, perception of safety and security, confidence to fight back, future hopes and aspirations (overall) and in the form of motivation to complete schooling, graduate and work in the future, etc.
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Experimental Design (Public)
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Before
The objective is to examine whether an awareness drive and a self-defense training has any effect on awareness, confidence to fight back, and on future hopes and aspirations captured in the form of motivation to graduate and work, age at first marriage, etc. To this end, we compare the endline outcomes of the adolescent girls from the treatment group, who receive the training and the awareness campaigns with those from the control group, which receives nothing. Spillover effects on siblings and friends, specifically whether there exists heterogeneous effects due to age and gender of siblings and caste of friends shall also be investigated.
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After
The objective is to examine whether an awareness drive and a self-defense training has any effect on awareness, confidence to fight back, and on future hopes and aspirations captured in the form of motivation to graduate and work, etc. To this end, we compare the endline outcomes of the adolescent girls from the treatment group, who receive the training and the awareness campaigns with those from the control group, which receives nothing. Spillover effects on siblings and friends, specifically whether there exists heterogeneous effects due to age and gender of siblings and caste of friends shall also be investigated. A follow-up shall also be conducted 6 months after the endline to understand whether the treatment effects persist over time.
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Randomization Unit
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Before
Randomization shall be done at the village level.
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After
Randomization shall be done at the region level.
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Planned Number of Clusters
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Students enrolled in 45 different schools and residing in 20 villages in Patna, Bihar will be assigned to the 2 treatments and the control group.
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After
Students enrolled in 60 different schools and residing in 20 regions in Patna, Bihar will be assigned to the 2 treatments and the control group.
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Planned Number of Observations
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690 students (direct beneficiaries), 504 students (best friends of the participants) and 200 siblings of the students selected for the project. The friends and siblings were only part of the spillover survey.
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After
690 students (direct beneficiaries), 504 students (best friends of the participants) and 197 siblings of the students selected for the project. The friends and siblings were only part of the spillover survey. A follow-up survey was administered for 348 students.
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Keyword(s)
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Behavior, Crime Violence And Conflict, Education, Gender, Other, Welfare
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Behavior, Crime Violence And Conflict, Education, Gender, Other, Welfare
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Secondary Outcomes (End Points)
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Before
Overall wellbeing of the student captured in terms of life satisfaction and mental health, spillover effects on siblings (residing in the same household) and their best (female) friends (outside the house).
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After
Overall wellbeing of the student captured in terms of life satisfaction and mental health, spillover effects on siblings (residing in the same household) and their best (female) friends (outside the house).
Academic scores of students in grades 10 and 12 and probability of selecting STEM and professional courses for students post grade 10.
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Building on Existing Work
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No
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