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Field
Abstract
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Before
We investigate how targeted subsidies and information campaigns for long-acting injectable contraception (Sayana Press) and provider incentives impact initial uptake of Sayana Press, sustained adoption, pricing and stocking decisions for contraceptive products in local markets, sales, and user health outcomes. Following prior work on the effectiveness of subsidies to promote the adoption of new technologies and experience goods, we aim to test if subsidies lead to sustained adoption of Sayana Press as well as to study possible mechanisms for short-term and continued usage (or lack of) such as learning, price anchoring, and information effects. We use a cluster randomized controlled trial in a network of independent pharmacies. Patient subsidies and pharmacist incentives will be cross-randomized and compared against the status quo to evaluate their effectiveness in promoting sustained adoption. Information treatments will be combined with the subsidies, and an information-only arm will allow us to test the effect of this channel when compared to a pure control.
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After
We investigate how targeted subsidies and information campaigns for long-acting injectable contraception (Sayana Press) and provider incentives impact initial uptake of Sayana Press, pricing and stocking decisions for contraceptive products in local markets, and sales. Following prior work on the effectiveness of subsidies to promote the adoption of new technologies and experience goods, we aim to test if subsidies lead to the adoption of Sayana Press as well as to study possible mechanisms such as learning, price channels, and information effects. We use a cluster randomized controlled trial in a network of independent pharmacies. Patient subsidies and pharmacist incentives will be randomized and compared against the status quo to evaluate their effectiveness in promoting adoption.
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Trial End Date
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Before
September 30, 2022
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After
June 01, 2024
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Last Published
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Before
March 24, 2022 04:39 PM
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After
September 18, 2023 05:11 PM
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Intervention (Public)
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Before
There will be 5 arms that will be randomized at the pharmacy (site) level. All sites will be users of a digital point-of-sale inventory management platform. Total subsidy and incentive amounts will be constant across arms that have either/both a patient subsidy or pharmacy incentive (there is no financial incentive in the pure control or information-only arms).
(1) Pure control arm: pharmacy is an active user of the basic sales and inventory management digital platform, and pharmacy manages own stock of contraceptives.
(2) Information-only arm: pharmacy is an active user of the basic sales and inventory management digital platform, and pharmacy manages own stock of contraceptives. Visual information about Sayana Press will be displayed in these pharmacies, and pharmacists will receive an information treatment and training.
(3) Information and patient subsidy arm: The price of Sayana Press will be subsidized for the patient (50-80% subsidy). Same information treatment as the information-only arm.
(4) Information and provider incentive arm: Providers will receive an incentive for each Sayana Press sale made, while being able to set their own prices. Same information treatment as the information-only arm.
(5) Information and patient subsidy with provider incentive arm: Total subsidy amount will be evenly split between the provider (as an incentive) and the patient (as a price-subsidy). Same information treatment as the information-only arm.
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After
There will be 4 arms that will be randomized at the pharmacy (site) level. All sites will be users of a digital point-of-sale inventory management platform. Total subsidy and incentive amounts will be constant across 2 arms (T1 and T2) and higher for T3 (there is no financial incentive in the control arm).
(1) Control arm (C): pharmacy is an active user of the basic sales and inventory management digital platform, and pharmacy manages own stock of contraceptives.
(2) Patient subsidy arm (T1): The price of Sayana Press will be subsidized for the patient (50-80% subsidy).
(3) Pharmacy cost-reduction arm (T2): Providers will receive an incentive for each Sayana Press sale made, while being able to set their own prices.
(4) Pharmacy incentive arm (T3): Providers will receive a larger incentive relative to T1 and T2 for each Sayana Press sale made.
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Intervention Start Date
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April 29, 2022
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After
July 18, 2022
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Intervention End Date
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Before
September 23, 2022
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After
March 06, 2023
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Experimental Design (Public)
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Before
A sample of approximately 192 eligible independent pharmacies in Western Kenya will be randomized into 5 study arms: (1) Pure control arm (2) Information-only arm (3) Information and patient subsidy arm (4) Information and provider incentive arm, and (5) Information and patient subsidy with provider incentive arm
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After
A sample of 137 eligible independent pharmacies in Western Kenya will be randomized into 4 study arms: (1) Control arm (2) Patient subsidy arm (3) Pharmacy cost-reduction arm (T2), and (4) Pharmacy incentive arm (T3).
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Planned Number of Clusters
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Before
192 Pharmacies
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After
137 Pharmacies
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Sample size (or number of clusters) by treatment arms
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Before
64 pure control sites, 32 information only sites, 32 patient subsidy sites, 32 pharmacy incentive sites, 32 pharmacy patient subsidy with provider incentive sites.
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After
35 control sites, 35 patient subsidy sites, 33 pharmacy pharmacy cost-reduction sites, 36 pharmacy incentive sites.
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Field
Pi as first author
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Before
No
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After
Yes
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