RANDOMIZED EVALUATION OF THE DEMAND FOR LONG-LASTING MOSQUITO-REPELLENT OINTMENT TO PREVENT FROM MALARIA AND ITS IMPACTS ON CHILDREN’S HEALTH OUTCOMES AND WELLBEING IN BURKINA FASO (DIMORO)

Last registered on July 19, 2023

Pre-Trial

Trial Information

General Information

Title
RANDOMIZED EVALUATION OF THE DEMAND FOR LONG-LASTING MOSQUITO-REPELLENT OINTMENT TO PREVENT FROM MALARIA AND ITS IMPACTS ON CHILDREN’S HEALTH OUTCOMES AND WELLBEING IN BURKINA FASO (DIMORO)
RCT ID
AEARCTR-0009647
Initial registration date
June 24, 2022

Initial registration date is when the trial was registered.

It corresponds to when the registration was submitted to the Registry to be reviewed for publication.

First published
June 26, 2022, 5:27 AM EDT

First published corresponds to when the trial was first made public on the Registry after being reviewed.

Last updated
July 19, 2023, 5:39 AM EDT

Last updated is the most recent time when changes to the trial's registration were published.

Locations

Region

Primary Investigator

Affiliation
Université Paris-Dauphine

Other Primary Investigator(s)

PI Affiliation
Université Paris-Dauphine

Additional Trial Information

Status
On going
Start date
2022-06-01
End date
2023-12-31
Secondary IDs
Prior work
This trial does not extend or rely on any prior RCTs.
Abstract
Context and general motivation: In 2018, there were 228 million cases of malaria and 405 000 malaria deaths worldwide (World Malaria Report 2019). The WHO African Region accounts for 93% of malaria cases and 94% of malaria deaths. Children under 5 years of age are the most vulnerable group affected by malaria; in 2018, they accounted for 67% of all malaria deaths worldwide (World Malaria Report 2019). Recently, the focus of prevention is to encourage households to adopt insecticide treated bed nets (ITN) over standard bed nets to increase the positive externalities of each use on the community. However, the benefits of ITN have been recently decreasing as mosquitos become more and more resistant, and bed net protects children and adults if they sleep under it but not during the entire period of time where the mosquito might bite. The World Health Organization therefore indicates in its global strategy for malaria that tools are needed for protection of people when they are outside of homes. Complementary tools include topical mosquito-repellent products.

Method: The impact evaluation will be carried out as a randomized controlled trial involving 3,120 sampled households and their children under five years old living in the rural, semi-urban and urban areas of Burkina Faso. Sampled households will be surveyed before and after the implementation of the intervention. Households will be offered to purchase mosquito-repellent ointment to protect against mosquito bites and then malaria. They will be randomly assigned to one of the three price groups. The main objective of the proposed project is to estimate the households’ willingness to pay for the mosquito-repellent ointment, examine how demand responds to a change in price, and evaluate the impact of using the ointment on households’ and particularly on children’s and mother’s health and wellbeing through a 4/6-month intervention. The panel dataset which will be available at the end of the study will significantly contribute to improving our understanding of the preventive behaviours related to malaria in Burkina Faso and will inform public health policies.

Method (extension): A follow-up will be conducted one year after the start of the intervention to observe current level of knowledge, behaviors regarding malaria, and malaria occurence among a subsample of initial households and among a random sample of neighbours. About 1500 additional households will be sampled in the extension.
External Link(s)

Registration Citation

Citation
DJEMAI, Elodie and Yohan RENARD. 2023. "RANDOMIZED EVALUATION OF THE DEMAND FOR LONG-LASTING MOSQUITO-REPELLENT OINTMENT TO PREVENT FROM MALARIA AND ITS IMPACTS ON CHILDREN’S HEALTH OUTCOMES AND WELLBEING IN BURKINA FASO (DIMORO)." AEA RCT Registry. July 19. https://doi.org/10.1257/rct.9647-3.0
Experimental Details

Interventions

Intervention(s)
This project is implemented in partnership with Maïa Africa SAS which has developed MAÏA, a Mosquito-Repellent ointment to protect people from mosquito bites that may transmit malaria. Maïa Africa SAS launches an innovative product to prevent from bites from malaria mosquitoes (Anopheles). It consists of a mosquito-repellent ointment. In the fight against malaria, the potential added value of such a product in complement to the use of bed net is that (i) its use could be integrated to the households’ habits if they replace their standard shea butter with this product at night, and (ii) it protects users during time periods where the mosquito is around, but the individuals are not sleeping. It provides a full protection during 8 hours.
Intervention Start Date
2022-07-03
Intervention End Date
2022-11-30

Primary Outcomes

Primary Outcomes (end points)
Two sets of primary outcomes:
1. Demand for the ointment :
- Purchase at least one time during the last 4 weeks (Household level)
- At least one household member has used it during the last four weeks (Household level)
- At least one household member has used it during the last week (Household level)
- Has used it during the last week (Child level and mother level)
- Total Cost of malaria prevention, by items
- Elicit willingness to pay for the product later
- Use of alternative and complementary tools
2. Health outcomes:
- Declared symptoms of malaria over the intervention period
- Positive result of the test for the presence of parasites in blood
- Self-declared hospitalisation during the last four weeks
- Total cost of malaria treatment
Primary Outcomes (explanation)

Secondary Outcomes

Secondary Outcomes (end points)
- Time use of children and mothers
- Child’s school attendance
- Aspirations
- Early Childhood Development outcomes (measured by the CREDI or Raven type of tests depending on child’s age)
- Diffusion of information and practices in the cluster from the direct beneficiaries and their neigbhbours
Secondary Outcomes (explanation)

Experimental Design

Experimental Design
The 195 clusters will be divided into three groups of equal size (65), and we aim to sample 16 households per cluster leading to a total sample size of 3,120 households. One third of the households will face the market price, one third will be offered the product at 50% subsidy, and one third of the households will be offered the product for free.
Experimental Design Details
Randomization Method
Randomization done in office by a computer
Randomization Unit
Cluster
Was the treatment clustered?
Yes

Experiment Characteristics

Sample size: planned number of clusters
195 clusters (selling points)
Sample size: planned number of observations
3120 initial households (June 2022- november 2022) About 1500 additional households will be sampled in the extension (August 2023), about 1500 initial households will be re-surveyed in August 2023
Sample size (or number of clusters) by treatment arms
65 clusters by treatment arms
Minimum detectable effect size for main outcomes (accounting for sample design and clustering)
IRB

Institutional Review Boards (IRBs)

IRB Name
IRB Paris School of Economics
IRB Approval Date
2022-03-16
IRB Approval Number
2022-006
IRB Name
Comité d'Ethique pour la recherche en santé
IRB Approval Date
2022-03-02
IRB Approval Number
2022-03-052
Analysis Plan

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Post-Trial

Post Trial Information

Study Withdrawal

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Intervention

Is the intervention completed?
No
Data Collection Complete
No
Data Publication

Data Publication

Is public data available?
No

Program Files

Program Files
Reports, Papers & Other Materials

Relevant Paper(s)

Reports & Other Materials