Goal Setting for Remittances

Last registered on December 20, 2023

Pre-Trial

Trial Information

General Information

Title
Goal Setting for Remittances
RCT ID
AEARCTR-0012662
Initial registration date
December 13, 2023

Initial registration date is when the trial was registered.

It corresponds to when the registration was submitted to the Registry to be reviewed for publication.

First published
December 20, 2023, 1:56 PM EST

First published corresponds to when the trial was first made public on the Registry after being reviewed.

Locations

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Primary Investigator

Affiliation
University of Michigan

Other Primary Investigator(s)

PI Affiliation
University of Michigan

Additional Trial Information

Status
On going
Start date
2023-05-09
End date
2024-09-30
Secondary IDs
Prior work
This trial does not extend or rely on any prior RCTs.
Abstract
We are conducting an evaluation to better understand the remittance and savings behaviors of international work migrants and their households in Bangladesh. With a randomly selected sample of remittance sender-recipient pairs, we conduct a goal setting exercise to elicit individual savings preferences. We then connect remittance recipients with their migrant counterparts via a group messaging app in order to share their individual savings goals and facilitate agreement on joint goals. We will estimate the impact of the goal-setting treatment on a primary outcome, savings in migrant households held at the partner institution (BRAC Bank). As secondary outcomes, we will examine treatment effects on self-reported savings and remittances sent by the migrant to the remittance recipient.
External Link(s)

Registration Citation

Citation
Fertig, Alexander and Dean Yang. 2023. "Goal Setting for Remittances." AEA RCT Registry. December 20. https://doi.org/10.1257/rct.12662-1.0
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Experimental Details

Interventions

Intervention(s)
The goal setting intervention is divided into two parts. Part A is an additional module in the baseline survey (for both migrants and recipients) that facilitates individual goal setting, and Part B is an extension of this activity that takes place in a preferred group chat platform (either WhatsApp or a messaging application popular in Bangladesh called imo). Both sender and recipient will be invited to the group chat, which will encourage goal sharing and joint goal setting. This goal setting intervention is provided only to the recipient/migrant pairs that are assigned to the treatment group.

We will also send monthly follow-up messages to the goal setting chats over the course of the intervention period to remind participants of their goals and to provide encouragement to keep saving.
Intervention Start Date
2023-05-09
Intervention End Date
2024-03-02

Primary Outcomes

Primary Outcomes (end points)
Savings (from administrative data)
Primary Outcomes (explanation)
The primary outcome variable will be an objective measure of savings from BRAC Bank administrative data. The primary sample is the 1,017 matched pairs of remittance recipients and migrants for whom we have a verified BRAC bank account number. Our outcome is the maximum weekly balance over the entire 4-month intervention period between administration of the baseline and endline survey. We use the maximum rather than the final balance or average because the goal-setting intervention encourages treated individuals to save towards a spending target. Using average or final balance could penalize respondents that invest in their goal before the end of the intervention period, possibly leading to underestimation of treatment effects.

Secondary Outcomes

Secondary Outcomes (end points)
Savings (from survey data), Long-term Savings (from administrative data), Remittances
Secondary Outcomes (explanation)
Subjective Savings Measure: Since the administrative data does not cover the entire sample, and only captures one type of savings instrument (BRAC Bank account holdings), we will also ask a comprehensive set of savings questions to both migrant and recipient during the endline survey. As a secondary savings outcome, we will use the self-reported value of combined cash savings and bank balances (a stock measure) at the time of the endline survey. Within each sender-recipient pair, we will take the sum of this reported value for the migrant and recipient. Using this outcome, we can estimate treatment effects for the full matched sample of 1,556 matched pairs.

Long(er)-term Savings: Though active implementation and monitoring of the goal setting intervention will end after 4 months, we will continue to have access to the administrative data beyond this point. As such, we can also estimate effects on savings over a longer period to see if individuals sustain their savings behavior even after the initial goal deadline has passed. To do this, we will use the maximum weekly balance from each recipient's bank account, constructed analogously to our primary outcome, but over a period of 6 months from baseline rather than 4. As with our primary outcome, this long-term effected can only be estimated for the 1,017 pairs with verified BRAC Bank accounts.

Remittances: In addition to testing whether joint goal setting increases the portion of income that respondents allocate to savings, we will also estimate its effect on the total amount of remittances sent by migrants. For this secondary research question, we take use as an outcome the total amount of remittances sent by the migrant to the recipient over the 4-month intervention period, as reported by the migrant at endline. We will use sender---rather than recipient---reports, as these have been shown to be more accurate.

Experimental Design

Experimental Design
Our intervention will be evaluated through a randomized controlled trial. In this study, there is just a single treatment group, into which half of the 1,017 sender-recipient pairs will be randomly assigned. After an implementation period of 4 months, average outcomes in the treated group will be compared to average outcomes in the control group to establish an estimate of the treatment effect. Outcome data will be drawn both from an endline survey conducted 4 months after enrollment, as well as administrative bank data provided directly by BRAC Bank.
Experimental Design Details
Not available
Randomization Method
Randomization will occur at the individual level during administration of the baseline survey. Each remittance recipient that meets basic eligibility criteria and consents to the study will be automatically assigned to either the treatment or control group by survey software, with an equal probability of being assigned to either group. Remittance senders are always assigned to the same experimental group as their recipient counterparts. Since we will not have a definite list of potential participants, randomization will be conducted in real time on a rolling basis. Therefore, no stratification criteria will be used in the randomization algorithm.
Randomization Unit
Individual
Was the treatment clustered?
No

Experiment Characteristics

Sample size: planned number of clusters
70 Agent Banking Locations (BRAC Bank branch with limited services)
Sample size: planned number of observations
1,017 remittance sender-recipient pairs
Sample size (or number of clusters) by treatment arms
492 pairs in the treatment group and 525 in the control group
Minimum detectable effect size for main outcomes (accounting for sample design and clustering)
IRB

Institutional Review Boards (IRBs)

IRB Name
Innovations for Poverty Action Institutional Review Board
IRB Approval Date
2023-04-21
IRB Approval Number
00006083
Analysis Plan

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