Secondary Outcomes (explanation)
**The first four secondary outcome measures come from data from the National Directory of New Hires administrative records**
1. Ever employed in quarter 1 after random assignment.
- The quarter in which random assignment occurred will be considered Q0.
2. Ever employed in quarter 2 after random assignment.
- The quarter in which random assignment occurred will be considered Q0.
3. Ever employed in quarter 3 after random assignment.
- The quarter in which random assignment occurred will be considered Q0.
4. Ever employed in quarter 4 after random assignment.
- The quarter in which random assignment occurred will be considered Q0.
**The next set of secondary outcome measures come from the 6 month follow-up survey.**
5. Length of longest job held in the 6 months since random assignment.
- Respondents report on up to 6 jobs held since random assignment, and only jobs compensated for by cash, check, or direct deposit will be considered for this measure.
6. Earnings in the past week.
- This is equal to the sum of earnings in the past week from the up to 6 jobs respondents have held since random assignment, if they are currently working at those jobs.
7. Employment-related behavior problems.
- Respondents are asked 3 questions about behavior problems in the workplace. This measure has three categories: (1) no problems reported, (2) at least one problem reported, and (3) have not worked since random assignment.
8. Challenges encountered in finding or keeping a job: transportation.
- This measure indicates whether the respondent reports transportation as causing them challenges in finding or keeping a job.
9. Challenges encountered in finding or keeping a job: criminal record.
- This measure indicates whether the respondent reports their criminal record as causing them challenges in finding or keeping a job.
10. Challenges encountered in finding or keeping a job: right skills or education.
- This measure indicates whether the respondent reports having the right skills or education as causing them challenges in finding or keeping a job.
11. Challenges encountered in finding or keeping a job: substance use problems.
- This measure indicates whether the respondent reports substance use problems as causing them challenges in finding or keeping a job.
12. Challenges encountered in finding or keeping a job: mental health problems.
- This measure indicates whether the respondent reports mental health problems as causing them challenges in finding or keeping a job.
13. Challenges encountered in finding or keeping a job: disability or health problems.
- This measure indicates whether the respondent reports disability or health problems as causing them challenges in finding or keeping a job.
14. Ever arrested in the 6 months since random assignment.
- This measure indicates whether the respondent reports being arrested since random assignment.
15. Ever violated parole in the 6 months since random assignment.
- This measure indicates whether the respondent ever violated their parole since random assignment.
16. Ever had parole revoked in the 6 months since random assignment.
- This measure indicates whether the respondent ever had their parole revoked in the 6 months since random assignment.
17. Parenting alliance: "Mother/guardian tells me I am doing a good job or otherwise lets me know I am being a good father."
- Respondents indicate the extent to which they agree or disagree with the statement above.
18. Parenting alliance: "Mother/guardian and I are a good parenting team."
- Respondents indicate the extent to which they agree or disagree with the statement above.
19. Maternal gatekeeping scale.
- This measure is equal to the average of how much respondents agree (on scale of (1) disagree to (4) agree) with two statements about the co-parent's making it difficult for the respondent to spend time with or talk to his child.
20. Undermining scale.
- This measure is equal to the average of how much respondents agree (on scale of (1) disagree to (4) agree) with four statements about the co-parent's undermining the respondent's parenting.
21. Father-child in-person contact.
- Respondents indicate how often they have seen their child in person in the past 30 days.
22. Frequency of father cancelling his plans with his child.
- Respondents indicate how often they cancel plans with their child.
23. Father-child relationship quality scale.
- Respondents indicate how much they agree with 5 statements (both positive and negative) about the quality of their relationship with their child. The outcome is equal to the average of these responses.
24. Father-child relationship quality scale (positive items).
- Respondents indicate how much they agree with 2 statements (positive only) about the quality of their relationship with their child. The outcome is equal to the average of these responses.
25. Father-child relationship quality scale (negative items).
- Respondents indicate how much they agree with 3 statements (negative only) about the quality of their relationship with their child. The outcome is equal to the average of these responses.
26. Father-child relationship quality rating.
- Respondents are asked to rate their relationship with their child from (1) excellent to (4) poor.
27. Premeditation scale.
- This measure is equal to the average of the frequencies the respondent engages in careful, premeditated, purposeful, and rational thinking; which respondents are asked about in 4 separate questions.
28. Decision-making confidence scale.
- This measure is equal to the average of the frequencies the respondent engages in certain decision-making activities, which respondents are asked about in 9 separate questions.
29. Ability to maintain self-control in a stressful situation.
- Respondents are asked to rate their ability to maintain self-control in a self-described stressful situation.
30. Income in the past month.
- Respondents are asked to provide their total income in the past month, from all sources.
31. Months with no income since RA.
- Respondents indicate the number of months since random assignment they have had no income. Available responses are (1) zero months, (2) one to two months, and (3) three months or more.
32. Number of months in which ran out of money before the end of the month since RA.
- Respondents indicate the number of months since random assignment they have run out of money before the end of the month. Available responses are (1) zero months, (2) one to two months, and (3) three months or more.
33. Amount of child support paid in the last month for all children.
- Respondents indicate the amount of formal child support they paid in the last month for all their children.
34. Amount of child support actually paid in the past month.
- This measure compares the amount of formal child support the respondent is required to pay versus the amount he actually paid. The measure has four categories: (1) not required to pay child support, (2) paid none of required child support, (3) paid some of required child support, and (4) paid all or more of required child support.
35. Amount of informal support provided to children.
- This measure is equal to the amount of informal child support the respondent paid in the last month for all children. Respondents living with all their children are not asked this question and are treated as if they responded $0.
36. Amount of arrears.
- Respondents indicate a range of back child support they owe, with available ranges of (1) None, (2) Less than $1000, (3) $1000 to $4999, (4) $5000 to $14,999, and (5) $15,000 or more.
37. Provided any in-kind informal child support.
- Respondents are asked a series of questions about whether they provided various forms of in-kind child support (e.g., food, toys, healthcare payments, etc.) for any of their children. The final measure is equal to 1 if they indicated they provided at least one kind of these supports, and 0 otherwise.
**The final four secondary outcome measures come from administrative criminal justice data from states.**
38. Ever arrested in months 1 through 6 after random assignment.
- This measures whether the participant was arrested in the first 6 months after random assignment.
39. Ever arrested in months 7 through 12 after random assignment.
- This measures whether the participant was arrested in the second 6 months after random assignment.
40. Number of arrests in the year after random assignment.
- This measures the participant's number of arrests in the year after random assignment.
41. Ever convicted of a crime in the year after random assignment.
- This measures whether the participant was convicted of a crime in the year after random assignment.